Effective skin care prioritizes gentle cleansing, targeted treatment, hydration, and sun protection. The acid mantle—a slightly acidic film—supports barrier function and microbiome balance. Over‑cleansing or harsh scrubs can disrupt this layer, causing dryness and sensitivity. Choose non‑comedogenic moisturizers and sunscreen daily; broad‑spectrum SPF 30+ reduces photoaging and cancer risk. Actives require informed use: retinoids improve texture and tone but may irritate, so start low and slow; vitamin C brightens and supports collagen; niacinamide calms redness and regulates sebum; AHAs/BHAs refine pores and exfoliate. Patch test new products and avoid layering too many strong actives at once. For acne, use benzoyl peroxide or retinoids; for hyperpigmentation, consider azelaic acid or topical retinoids and consistent SPF. Persistent rash, bleeding, or rapidly changing lesions need medical evaluation. Skin type guides product weights: oily skin prefers lighter gels; dry skin benefits from creams and occlusives; combination skin may need zone‑specific routines. Build a simple routine you can maintain: cleanse, treat, moisturize, protect. Consistency over months yields the best results.